1.安装PHP的步骤(Ubuntu)

PHP源码包官方下载地址：https://www.php.net/downloads.php。

//安装依赖
sudo apt update
sudo apt install pkg-config build-essential autoconf bison re2c libxml2-dev libsqlite3-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libonig-dev libssl-dev libreadline-dev zlib1g-dev 

//新建目录
mkdir ~/.php

//配置环境变量
echo 'export PHP_VERSION=8.4.8' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export PHP_HOME="$HOME/.php/$PHP_VERSION"' >> ~/.bashrc
echo 'export PATH="$PHP_HOME/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc

//重启终端生效或执行以下命令立即生效
source ~/.bashrc

//下载
//官方下载地址
wget -c https://www.php.net/distributions/php-$PHP_VERSION.tar.xz
//南京大学镜像
wget -c https://mirrors.nju.edu.cn/php/php-$PHP_VERSION.tar.xz

//解压并切换目录
tar xvf php-$PHP_VERSION.tar.xz && cd php-$PHP_VERSION

//配置
./configure --with-curl --enable-mbstring --with-openssl --with-readline --with-zlib --with-mysqli --prefix="$PHP_HOME"

//构建
make -j $(nproc)

//测试
make test

//安装
make install

//切换目录并删除
cd && rm -rf php-$PHP_VERSION.tar.xz php-$PHP_VERSION

//查看版本
php --version

//下载
//官方下载地址
wget -c https://getcomposer.org/download/latest-stable/composer.phar
//腾讯云镜像
wget -c https://mirrors.tencent.com/composer/composer.phar
//阿里云镜像
wget -c https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/composer.phar

//更改权限并移动
chmod +x composer.phar && mv composer.phar $PHP_HOME/bin/composer

//配置https://repo.packagist.org的镜像
//腾讯云镜像
composer config -g repos.packagist composer https://mirrors.tencent.com/composer/
//阿里云镜像
composer config -g repos.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/

//查看配置
composer config -g --list

//升级
composer self-update

//查看版本
composer --version